Category: Martial Arts

The Crouching Tiger of Daito-ryū

Daito-ryū, like a tsunami, marries the fluid elegance of water’s movement with devastating potential. Just as the ocean’s waves can transform from serene beauty to overwhelming might, the techniques in Daito-ryū can gracefully shift from subtle redirections to crashing takedowns. In both, there’s an inherent understanding of the power that lies beneath the surface, waiting for the precise moment to be unleashed. 

Just as a tsunami embodies the raw force of the sea, Daito-ryū represents the culmination of budō, where fluidity and devastation walk hand in hand. Within the swirling currents of Daito-ryū’s waters, a master moves silently, like a hidden dragon concealed beneath the depths. While his name may not resonate loudly in mainstream circles, he emerges with a formidable yet unassuming presence for those fortunate enough to cross his path.

Enter Howard Popkin, a martial arts instructor whose skill unfolds as a captivating dance of precision and grace, rivaled only by his unparalleled humility. While the world of martial arts often glorifies flamboyant showmen, hidden gems like Howard represent the deep-rooted spirit and essence of the way. In a landscape brimming with spectacle, known simply as “Howie” among friends, his quiet dedication and profound understanding of Daito-ryū highlight the core values of budō.

Howard Popkin and the Art of Daito-ryū

“You’re chubby, and you’re Jewish; you should learn to defend yourself,” Popkin quoted his Brooklyn-born father, whom he describes as a “realist,” explaining his initial plunge into the martial arts world. The sentiment, although humorously frank, was the spark that ignited his lifelong journey through the intricate corridors of jujitsu. Howard’s first teacher was Jeff Lovering, a local instructor who introduced him to Haku-ryū Jujitsu, an American offshoot related to Daito-ryū. “His style was very good, solid martial arts,” Popkin noted.

Howard’s journey saw him delve into judo and karate while in college before a chance encounter with Roy Goldberg. “What he was teaching at that time was… brutally effective,” Popkin said, describing a combination of jujitsu, Aikido, and other styles Goldberg was practicing. It was an eclectic blend that Popkin seemed to respect but treaded carefully around, emphasizing the importance of preserving the boundaries of each art.

And then there was Daito-ryū. “The system’s mechanics were very different,” Popkin admitted, explaining his draw to this particular style. Under the guidance of Okamoto Seigo in Japan, his connection to Daito-ryū deepened.

Delving Deeper: Daito-ryū and the Essence of Mastery

Okamoto Seigo, the founder of Daito-ryū Aiki-jujutsu Roppokai, hailed from Yubari City, Hokkaido, born in 1925. In 1963, he began his training under Kodo Horikawa, the founder of Daito-ryū Aiki-jujutsu Kodokai and a prominent disciple of Sokaku Takeda.

The electric hum of curiosity charged our conversation as Howard recalled his pivotal first meeting with Okamoto, the Daito-ryū master who would reshape his journey to mastery. Howard describes his teacher as “a wonderful human being, not a religious man but spiritual” with a deep love of sake. “I read about him on the internet,” Popkin begins, painting a picture of the days when the internet was still an unusual resource for such connections.

His story with Okamoto began with a simple letter translated into Japanese by a friend. Okamoto responded casually; Howard could train if he came to Japan. Without hesitation and driven by a thirst for authentic knowledge, Howard took the plunge, traveling to The Land of The Rising Sun to immerse himself in the heart of the discipline. 

A Whole New World

His first steps in the dojo, however, were disorienting, to say the least. “I sat down [after class] on the side and… My father said, ‘What’s with the distressed look on your face?’” Popkin confides. His reflection on that first lesson in Japan was a mix of humility and wonder: “I just did an hour and a half of techniques… And I didn’t understand one thing the guy did tonight.”

This was the beginning of Popkin’s deep dive into the sophisticated world of Daito-ryū, an art that some compare to the “internal” arts of Chinese fighting traditions, known for their development of “unusual” power. But rather than presenting these principles directly, Okamoto’s teaching kept the secrets of the Old Masters hidden in plain sight. “Little by little,” Popkin reminisces, “once you got a handle on external motions, he would start to address ‘well, maybe try to rotate this, maybe try to lift that.'” It wasn’t a straightforward lecture on “internal” versus “external,” but an immersive lesson in feeling and understanding.

Esoteric Power Training Within Japanese Martial Traditions; Tracing the Roots of Ueshiba Morihei’s Power

Unraveling the Mystery of Aiki

Our conversation shifted into the mysterious and often contentious realm of aiki (合気). 

• 合 (ai) typically means “joining” or “harmony.”
• 気 (ki) often refers to “spirit,” “energy,” or “breath.”

In the context of martial arts, “aiki” is often translated as “harmonizing,” “joining,” or “combining energy.”

To those entrenched in the martial arts world, the term aiki can spark heated debates. Some view it as a nearly mythical force, while others see it as nothing more than highly refined technique. Its definition often remains as elusive as grasping smoke in one’s hand, and indeed, many masters and practitioners hold varied interpretations.

I probed into Howard’s experiences with this concept, especially as taught by Okamoto. Howard reminisced, “There were lots of discussions around it. Every student who showed up would ask him. And he always gave the same answer; it was his ‘for public consumption’ definition.

He described it as circular motions, timing your breathing correctly, and using coordinated body movements. But it was never a definition you could really use.” 

Howard warmly remembered a signature demonstration by Okamoto. The old master would first gauge a student’s stability, ensuring their stance was firm and grounded. Once convinced, he would playfully employ the principle of rotation. Students would find themselves flying effortlessly, a profound contrast to the raw use of brute force. This wasn’t merely a display of technique; it showcased the principle of the soft overcoming the hard and the circular defeating the straight.

He continued, describing the fragmented journey to mastering aiki. Okamoto used to say that any solid technique in martial arts has numerous components. Just when a student feels they’ve acquired a handful, believing they’re on the path to mastery, Okamoto would gently remind them of the vast expanse still left to learn. It was a humbling analogy: “Even if you’ve mastered 10 components, you might still be missing the other 90.”

As our dialogue continued, Howard shed light on the practical aspect of their training. Despite the language barrier – with Howard’s limited Japanese and Okamoto’s basic English – the essence of their lessons transcended words. Okamoto would challenge Howard with a barrage of techniques in a single session. Instead of drowning in the complexity, Howard focused on individual elements like footwork, expansion, contraction, or rotation. This focus helped him understand the underlying thread connecting each technique, an approach he and his long-time training partner Joe Brogna found invaluable.

Enter Dan Harden – The Ronin of Daito-ryū

Describing himself as “always one to give credit where it’s due,” Howard felt the need to pay tribute to a man named Dan Harden.

“I learned a lot of [aiki] exercises and stability training from Dan Harden,” he revealed, his voice hinting at gratitude mixed with deep respect. “I think I picked them up from him a little faster…because of my experience with Okamoto.”

“[Harden] was looking for body skills,” Howard remarked. Dan was on a quest to unlock the secrets of the Old Masters. This enigma, often articulated in Chinese as shenfa (身法) or lik hok (力学) in I Liq Chuan, went beyond mere technique or style, delving deep into the very essence and mechanism of so-called “internal “strength/aiki. Learning from Okamoto and Harden and bridging their teachings was like capturing lightning in a bottle for Howard

The dynamics between Harden’s and Okamoto’s teachings were starkly different. While Okamoto, revered in the martial arts community, often taught the unification technique from a gentle grab or push, Harden had a much more intense approach. “With Dan, there was always a ton of pressure,” Howard explained. “If you couldn’t make it work under the pressure, it was kind of useless.”.

Stand Up Guys

Interestingly, in an age of combat sports, where “jujitsu” immediately conjures images of ground fighting, Popkin clarifies that 99% of his training with Okamoto was standing up, rooted in Japan’s sword-based culture. Equally compelling was Okamoto’s gentle approach. Unlike some trainers who prove techniques through pain, Okamoto displayed his mastery with gentleness, never needing to hurt to prove a point. 

“There was never a time when he would do a joint locking technique on me where he actually would put me in pain. He would show us where it was, but he never needed to get to the point where you were tapping, or you knew your arm was gonna snap,” Popkin reflects, his voice echoing with reverence. “He was very comfortable with his abilities and knew it worked.”

Howard’s recollections of the old master remind me of my own teacher, GM Sam Chin.  Approaching 70, the old tiger remains tremendously formidable. Like a lion playing with its cub, he can unleash a display of terrifying power, turning even big guys and long-time students like me into ragdolls at will without ever causing us harm.

Delving into Daito-ryū’s Dynamics

“When most people think about soft martial arts, they think non-impact,” Howard explains. “I want to be able to use my body to develop devastating power, or devastating throwing or locking… softly.”

The term “three beers loose” floats back into my mind. A cue Howard had used during his time in Arizona, reinforcing the notion of “relaxed readiness,” highlighting the counterintuitive strength that exists in relaxation, a commonality between Daito-ryū and I Liq Chuan.

As the conversation delved deeper into the principles, Howard articulated, “Don’t meet force with force. Okamoto would move around it when met with resistance, never clashing head-on. This isn’t about avoiding contact but preventing a direct power struggle at the point of contact. A straight push, force against force, contrasted with maneuvering around or under an opponent.”

Drawing connections between Daito-ryū and I Liq Chuan, he observed, “I’ve seen similarities in your art, especially in the spinning hands videos. How you respond without directly opposing force reminds me of our principles, even if I’m just a novice in understanding your system.”

Although this last observation by Howard is debatable, I didn’t challenge him on it at the time, instead preferring to let him speak freely.  I Liq Chuan, in fact, does initially train to meet force head-on to “catch the tip of the spear,” only after which can it be redirected.  Having experienced Howard’s skill firsthand, it’s likely that, ultimately, we’re in basic agreement but using slightly different means to the same end.  It would have been a much longer conversation that would have detracted from the spotlight I wanted to shine on Howard, so I let his remark stand unchallenged.

At this point, Howard presented a nuanced observation regarding the many branches on the tree of Daito-ryū that exist today: as opposed to “one way for all,” Takeda’s teachings were tailored. Takeda, a monumental figure in the martial art’s legacy, emphasized an individualized approach to combat based on body type. Whether you were tall, stout, agile, or sturdy, he had a specific approach for you. Yet, as Howard observes, these personalized teachings often became an orthodoxy when passed down, obscuring the vicissitude of Daito-ryū’s adaptability. “People say ‘this is it.’ Well, that’s what your teacher was taught. But my teacher got taught this,” he points out, emphasizing the breadth of the art form. “So which one is it? [It’s all of them.]”

Wisdom for the Uninitiated

Having wasted many hours on dead-ends in the early part of my martial arts career, I’m always interested to hear about what unique insights others with a lifetime of experience have that can help the next generation avoid wasting their precious time. “What do you think are some of the most common mistakes that beginners make?”

With a pause that suggested years of reflection, Howard began, “I think it’s very difficult when you start taking martial arts to have any clue what you’re actually looking for.” He recalled his own fortunate beginnings,  noting, “I got lucky when I started.”  

I couldn’t agree more with Howard on this point, having myself started with I Liq Chuan belaboring under many false assumptions and delusions about the secrets of the Old Masters, and like Howard, it was only through sheer luck, or perhaps providence, that I committed myself to I Liq Chuan. 

“One of the biggest mistakes is not researching a little bit… not seeing what’s out there.” A reminder that while martial arts begins with the physical, its depth and impact on a practitioner’s life are largely influenced by the teacher’s character and the discipline’s ethos.

The Enduring Value of Martial Arts

I think, understanding that the subject would have taken us on a detour we didn’t have the time to explore, Howard switched gears to another common misstep: a shallow perception of martial arts. “Most people think martial arts is [just] punching and kicking. But there’s so much more to it than that.” His voice hinted at the vast spectrum of martial arts, stretching far beyond the visible.

I asked, “So when you say that martial arts is so much more than just punching and kicking, what do you mean by that?”

With decades of experience coloring his response, Howard shared, “The physical and mental confidence that one gets from knowing they can control a situation is tremendous.” But it wasn’t just about control. The martial arts, according to Howard, conferred a transformative calm. Laughing, Howard said, “I think you’re one of the few guys that can ‘out-calm’ me. And I attribute that entirely to our study of martial arts.”

The Virtue of Discipline, Courage & Integrity

Howard’s gaze deepened, building on our discussion about the depth and essence of martial arts beyond mere technique. “Traditional martial arts have tremendous value. First, in their ethics,” he began, “the student-teacher relationship is tremendous.” His respect for the discipline was evident. “The values imparted in traditional martial arts are also really wonderful, especially for children.”

Fascinated, I asked, “What are you doing to ensure those values are passed on to your students now?” His reply revealed a blend of modern teaching methodologies infused with the wisdom of the Old Masters. Howard spoke about a teacher from Rhode Island, Greg Horton, who had a unique method of teaching children. “His system allows you to impart the traditional life skills, so to speak, while doing martial arts,” Howard explained.

Desperate for a tangible understanding, I pleaded, “Can you give me just a small example?” He illustrated a scenario where, after initially teaching a child a stance or punch, the child is then invited to teach the same to the rest of the class. The method intrigued me. It resonated with my own approach to adult classes, giving students ownership and ensuring the art lives beyond the teacher.

Looking Back

Talking with Howard, I was struck by the depth of his journey in martial arts. Looking for additional pearls of wisdom to pass on to the next generation is asked, “If you could go back in time and talk to your younger self, what advice would you give?” I pondered aloud.

Howard quipped, “Keep your hands up without missing a beat.” A ripple of laughter passed between us, yet a more profound sentiment lay beneath that. Howard continued, “I would have met Okamoto 10 years earlier.” The note of wistfulness was unmistakable.

His deep respect for Okamoto illuminated his words. “He was such an amazing person. I would have loved to spend more time with him.”

“The price of anything is the amount of life you exchange for it.”

Henry David Thoreau

Wedding At Tokyo Station

In the glow of reminiscing about his precious time with Okamoto, Howard segued into another heartwarming tale that showcased the deep love between teacher and student. With a twinkle in his eye, he began, “I don’t know if you know the story with me and my wife…”

At a pivotal point in his martial arts journey, Howard was approaching a significant rank. In Daito-ryū, one eventually arrives at the fourth-degree black belt. Then, the master decides whether to bestow an assistant teaching license upon the student. To Howard’s astonishment, Okamoto, in a room filled with peers, announced that while Howard was ready for this elevation, he wouldn’t receive it. The reason? 

Okamoto displayed caring for his students’ happiness and well-being beyond martial arts and expressed a playful concern that Howard wasn’t married. In Japan, turning 40 and being single was frowned upon – the translator amusingly called such a man a “scoundrel,” though that might’ve been a polite substitution for Okamoto’s actual words.

Laughing, Howard recalled his rebuttal, pointing out their shared fishing and drinking adventures, activities that, he jokingly claimed, married men might find challenging. In a light-hearted dare, Howard challenged Okamoto: if he wrote a proposal in kanji saying, “Will you marry me,” he’d parade it through Tokyo Station on a T-shirt.

Okamoto’s playful acceptance took Howard by surprise, but the twist in the tale is that he met the love of his life just six weeks later. While he didn’t meet her at Tokyo Station, in a gesture that spoke volumes of their bond, Okamoto’s calligraphy was almost like a talisman, catapulting his student forward into the next phase of his life as a happily married family man.

Chuckling, I responded, “That’s a great story,” a testament to the depth of respect, camaraderie, and affection between master and student.

Sacred Steps Forward: The Unforeseen Path of a Legacy

Transitioning to more recent events, I asked, “Howard, how did you begin your journey in the seminar circuit?” What unfolded was the story of an unexpected series of events, a display of the unpredictability of life, and the magnetic pull of genuine skill.

In ancient Japan, it was not uncommon for martial artists to journey through the land, driven by the quest for mastery and the lure of legendary dojos. Those were days when tales of skill became the stuff of lore, shared beneath cherry blossoms and amidst misty mountains. 

Echoing that timeless narrative, a curious Aikido-ka found his way to Howard’s dojo. The insights he gleaned there had a deep-rooted significance. At a subsequent seminar, equipped with this quiet wisdom from Howard, he caught an experienced instructor off-guard and floored him, reminding everyone of the profound power of Daito-ryū. 

That move, that singular moment of skill, became a spark of intrigue. “Where did you learn that?” the floored instructor had demanded, astonishment evident. 

“From Howard Popkin,” was the Aikido-ka’s simple yet impactful reply.

Intrigued and impressed, the seminar instructor wasted no time. He sought Howard out, eager to understand the depth of his techniques and artistry for himself. From this serendipitous chain of events, Howard’s journey took a new turn, leading him to US and UK seminars, expanding his impact far beyond his humble dojo’s walls.

Conclusion

The Depth of Discipline and the Bonds We Forge

As our conversation concluded, I was struck by how intricately the martial arts journey is woven with the ties that bind us. My discussion with Howard was not just an exploration of techniques or traditions; it was a deeper dive into the profound relationships we cultivate and the meaning they infuse into our practice.

Howard’s tales, from his charming proposal story to the intricate lessons of Daito-ryū, echo a world where discipline intertwines with kinship. His journey of over 40 years on the mats is a monument to the unwavering spirit of commitment – a beacon for someone like me.

There’s genuine humility in learning from someone who has spent twice as long in the arts, witnessing the ebb and flow of tradition and evolution. I’m honored to call Howard both a friend and a mentor. It’s not just for the stories or insights but for exemplifying how relationships – with our mentors, our peers, and ourselves – deepen the significance of our lives.

His dedication inspires and reminds us of the rich tapestry of martial arts, woven with threads of knowledge, understanding, and the relationships we cherish.

Afterward – Connect With Howard

Interested in diving deeper into the teachings of Howard Popkin? Head over to his official websites, http://www.ginjukai.com/ or https://popkinbrognaselfdefense.com/, or follow the Ginjukai Facebook page.

With his long-time training partner, Joe Brogna, Howard manages the Popkin-Brogna Jujitsu Center in West Hempstead on Long Island. Though he’s taken a step back from an exhaustive seminar circuit to dedicate time to raising his son, his teachings continue to resonate.

For those eager to explore the depths of Daito-ryū, the recommended read is “Daito-ryū Aiki Jujutsu” authored by Okamoto. While it’s currently out of print, the book remains accessible on Amazon for enthusiasts and scholars alike.

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About the Author

Ashe Higgs, I Liq Chuan Master Instructor & L2 Nutrition Coach

Ashe is a highly skilled martial arts instructor and certified nutrition coach with over two decades of experience in the field. He holds a Master Instructor certification in I Liq Chuan under Sam FS Chin, making him one of only several individuals worldwide to hold the title. He has taught classes and workshops worldwide and is passionate about helping others achieve their fitness and wellness goals.

With a background in full-contact fighting and a Level 2 certification from Precision Nutrition in nutrition coaching, Ashe is a well-rounded expert in the fields of martial arts. In addition to his expertise, he has a wealth of experience in teaching and mentoring others. He has a natural ability to connect with his students and inspire them to reach their full potential.

Read more about Ashe here…

Introduction

Join me on a remarkable journey through the enchanting martial arts career of Ellis Amdur. From his humble beginnings with backyard karate to mastering multiple styles of Koryū, Amdur’s personal and professional life has been shaped by his deep fascination with martial arts. 

His experiences across multiple disciplines offer unique insights into both the esoteric and practical realms of martial arts. Dive into the world of Koryū and discover its relevance to real-world scenarios through Ellis Amdur’s captivating narrative.

Ellis Amdur

Ellis’s journey began like many others, born out of defeat. As he puts it, he was “like a lot of people [who] lost a fight and started with backyard karate.” This initial brush with martial arts sparked a fascination that would shape the future course of his life.

His first brush with Kung Fu was when he found himself training with an offshoot of Alan Lee, a pioneering instructor of Chinese martial arts on the east coast who opened the discipline to non-Chinese individuals.

However, his journey was just beginning. Ellis was drawn to an Aikido dojo, stating that he “really got interested in Japanese martial arts.” He appreciated their “clean lines” and became “really fascinated with Aikido.” At one point, Ellis found himself living in the famous Bond Street dojo in New York after college and eventually relocated to Japan to continue his training. Ellis found Aikido “fascinating” due to its “intersection of modernity and tradition” and the culture of a “hodgepodge of sort of Neo-Shinto spiritual mania.”

In 1976, his path led him to Araki-ryū 荒木流, a Koryū. The term “koryū” (古流) describes traditional Japanese martial arts established before the Meiji Restoration in 1867. 

– 古 (Ko), which means “old” or “ancient.”
– 流 (Ryu), which means “school” or “style.” 

Thus, “Koryū” is translated to “ancient school” or “old style,” referring to the classical martial arts of Japan.

Araki-ryū was intriguing for its no-nonsense, close-quarter fighting: a blend of weapons and hand-to-hand combat. Ellis remarked, “To put it one way… it kind of taps into a feral mindset. It’s very violent. It’s violent in its mindset and very practical with its techniques.”

Amdur described his Araki-ryū teacher as an enigmatic and difficult man who, as a result, only had a few students. However, he immediately recognized Ellis’s unique character; his teacher once told him: “When we met, I looked in your eyes, and I saw you are a strange American. And I’m a strange Japanese, so I thought having you around might be interesting.” 

Two years later, he started learning Tenshin-Bukō-ryū 天真武甲流兵法 with his (then) wife, under a 60-year-old Japanese woman named Nitta Suzuyo. He found transitioning from the violent Araki-ryū to the more formal Tenshin-ryū challenging but rewarding.

His thirst for knowledge didn’t stop there. He expanded his horizons, cross-training in Judo, Chinese martial arts like Xingyiquan and Tongbeiquan, and even Muay Thai. Upon returning to the States, his main interests became internal strength training and Arrestling, a mixed martial art designed specifically for police interactions by Don Gulla. 

Grappling For Law Enforcement

In my conversation with Ellis, I was deeply intrigued by his perspective on law enforcement training. He shed light on a critical aspect – the necessity of specific martial arts techniques tailored for real-world scenarios encountered by police officers. As he elaborated, it’s not about merely fending off someone trying to grab your firearm or dealing with a close-range knife threat. It’s about abiding by “certain rules of engagement,” depending on the immediacy of the threat as well. 

Ellis drove home a crucial point, one that runs contrary to some common perceptions. The idea that every police officer should master Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ), he cautioned, doesn’t hold water. It’s not that BJJ isn’t a valuable discipline – Ellis himself is “grateful for the little bit” he’s learned. However, he emphasized that it isn’t the cure-all solution for law enforcement. Instead, the training should be specific to the “professional role of the law enforcement officer.”

This insight resonated with my awareness of the perspectives shared by individuals like John Lovell from the Warrior Poet Society. John, a former Special Forces operator, echoes the same sentiment. While he loves BJJ, he recognizes that it’s not a one-size-fits-all solution, especially for street interactions or riots. Instead, different skill sets are essential for various scenarios.

Koryū

Ellis’s journey into martial arts is deeply entwined with two aforementioned styles, Araki-ryū and Bukō-ryū. His words evoked the fascinating dichotomy between these two arts, each carrying a unique mindset and philosophy.

Araki-ryū

As we continued our discussion, whenever we returned to the subject of Araki-ryū, a single word sprung to mind: brutal.

Ellis traced the origins of Araki-ryū back to the father of Miyamoto Musashi, lending a unique layer of historical significance to the martial art. Describing the stance as “low to the ground, almost anthropoid,” he explained that everything about Araki-ryū is designed for practical combat, ready for grappling and close-quarter encounters. The grip on a weapon, relaxed and flexible, echoes that of a grappler. “You don’t have these elegant poses,” he affirmed. 

In Araki-ryū, the mindset is deeply rooted in survival. Ellis poignantly described this with a principle conveyed through the ‘Sankyoku – 三曲, or three themes’ set of techniques.

He illustrated: “The first three techniques you learn… Traditionally it was said, “sankyoku san nen 三曲三年,” which means “three years of this” (more metaphor than fact); [in Japanese martial arts] they will have what is called Kuden 口伝 (oral teaching).

[But] sometimes the techniques are written beside the name on the scroll. For example, the scrolls state, “This is how you defeat a superior swordsman.” So right here, you understand this is not a dueling system. 

You approach the teacher with a tray in your hand with a cup on top. And as they reach forward to take the cup, you either grab them and do some terrible to them or pull out a concealed knife and stab and kill them.” 

He elaborated on the inherent harshness and relentless pursuit of survival in Araki-ryū, stressing that the practitioner must sincerely welcome their opponent while harboring the intent of killing them. 

However, there’s also a balance in Araki-ryū’s philosophy. Ellis explained that while one must be fully committed to an attack, one must always have an element of reserve. If the initial attack fails, they must flow seamlessly into the next move without hesitation. “I want to be 100% committed. And yet I’ve got this other side in reserve,” Ellis elucidated.

This readiness to change is echoed in my training with I Liq Chuan, in which we stress the “balance of six directions” and cultivating relaxation yet remaining alert and ready.

Bukō-ryū

On the other hand, Bukō-ryū carries a contrasting aura – aggressive yet elegant. Its primary weapon, the Kagitsuki naginata, a long pole with a curved blade, echoes this philosophy. Ellis emphasized the fluid and decisive movements of Bukō-ryū develop an impeccable management of timing and distance: “The philosophy of Bukō-ryū is you move in such a way that you’re never going to get body fluids on you when you cut the person. So you don’t want to close with them; you’re always sidestepping.”

He confessed to having a “schizophrenic task” in maintaining these two martial arts disciplines simultaneously. Due to their divergence in physical organization and mindset, Ellis had to ensure they stayed separate during training out of respect for his teachers. “I had to keep them absolutely separate. And that was very difficult for me to do,” Ellis admitted.

“Now, if I’m doing freestyle, sparring, or whatever, things naturally merge, but when I’m training, I keep them absolutely apart.”

Jibengong

When Ellis and I dug deeper into the subject of martial arts, I asked about ‘jibengong 基本功,’ which refers to foundational training in Kung Fu. 

He mentioned, “Most Japanese classical arts abandoned it.” Ellis feels these basic training elements once existed but were largely forgotten over time. Instead, individuals were expected to learn just by practicing ‘kata’ or pattern drills and “gradually absorbing” the correct mechanics.

Ellis shared an intriguing perspective on learning, suggesting that using our ‘mirror neurons’ is one way we might understand and develop complex movements. But in his eyes, this wasn’t sufficient. He said, “But the fact is, there was basic training, most of which got abandoned. And I honestly had to devise those myself, and I adopted stuff [from kung fu].”

In his quest to understand and master martial arts, Ellis began integrating training methods he encountered in other disciplines. For example, he mentioned using “pole shaking” from Xingyi and something similar to chán sī jìn 纏絲勁, or “silk reeling” when nothing was provided to him in his training other than “just cut with the weapon.”

He had also written a book, ‘Hidden In Plain Sight, Esoteric Power Training And Japanese Martial Arts,’ where he sought to trace the influence of Chinese martial arts on Japanese martial arts while highlighting the forgotten importance of jibengong. 

He made a point that resonated with me, stating, “The reality is the basics are the secret, right? You know, the essence of how to develop internal power; it’s in the basics that you learn that you can’t learn that in the heat of pattern drills.”

Another essential point Ellis discussed was the role lifestyle plays in training. First, he said, “One has to recognize how different our lifestyle is, 100 or 200 years ago.” The physicality of daily life in the past naturally prepared people for martial arts training. In contrast, modern living does not provide the same type of physical conditioning. Therefore, we now have to supplement our training to replicate these conditions.

Koryū & Kata

Further into our discussion, Ellis revealed an intriguing aspect of koryū: the emphasis on two-person forms or ‘kata.’ Ellis explained, “Almost all kata are two-person forms.” The only notable exception he mentioned was the ‘Iai,’ or what’s known as ‘fast swords,’ a unique practice involving drawing the sword swiftly from its sheath.” Change to: The only notable exception he mentioned is ‘Iai,’ or what’s known as bakken 抜剣 ‘fast sword’ a unique practice involving drawing the sword swiftly from its sheath. Ellis remarked that this kind of practice was virtually non-existent in other cultures. He asked some experts in European Martial Arts about it. He was told, “There isn’t anything in any literature of fast drawing a weapon to cut people down…because in any duel in European culture, that would be considered a murder, drawing first.” 

This led us to the question – why was such a technique common in Japan? Ellis’s first explanation was quite practical – it was about weapon handling. He compared it to his initial experiences with firearms, saying, “When I first started learning to use a firearm, I was more afraid of mishandling… don’t point the weapon at anybody, all those kinds of things that you have to have, right, where you’ll end up shooting somebody by accident, in this case, cutting yourself by accident.”

The second reason is even more intriguing. Ellis posited that the ‘Iai’ was akin to “silk reeling” and helped train the body’s natural rhythm of “rise-and-fall, open-and-close.” He added, “So, embedded in these fast sword forms, you’ve actually got a way to solo-train basic principles of rise-and-fall, open-and-close. It’s one of those things I call ‘hidden in plain sight.'”

Ellis explained that two-person forms are often misunderstood as merely choreographed combat scenarios. Instead, he proposed they are “platforms where two or three techniques, maybe more, are chained together.” The flow of the kata can be altered and adapted based on the situation. He stressed the importance of training to respond to unexpected moves during the kata practice and avoid ‘training scars’ – instances where a technique leads to a dead end.

Ellis also discussed grappling techniques in ‘Araki-ryū,’ a form of Japanese martial arts. He said, “They basically become platforms where you do the basic form, but then at any moment of the form, the person having the technique applied, they’re going to counter that.” This would lead to a freestyle-like situation where the combatants must respond instinctively to unexpected attacks.

Ninjutsu?

Continuing our conversation, I proposed that Araki-ryū might be characterized more like ninjutsu, or an assassin’s art, rather than a battlefield art. However, Ellis quickly clarified that this would be a mischaracterization. 

He explained, “If there were a ninja, they don’t exist now. They haven’t existed for a long time. And the truth is that what little is known historically about Ninja is that they weren’t combatants, period.” 

Drawing on historical facts, Ellis noted that spies traditionally didn’t engage in physical fights; their central role was to blend in and gather intelligence.

He cited his father’s experience during World War II as an example. Ellis’ father served in the Special Intelligence Service, an illegal branch of the FBI stationed in South America, where he worked undercover and never engaged in physical combat.

Shifting back to Araki-ryū, Ellis clarified that this martial art was indeed a battlefield art. However, it was primarily practiced by foot soldiers, those in the thick of battle, rather than aristocratic fighters. “It’s not elegant. So that would be the proper characterization. The guys who really were doing the work would be doing things like Araki-ryū,” Ellis said. He added, “Guys, like the guys who did Yagyu Shinkage-ryū, for example, those were the guys who told the Araki-ryū guys ‘go there and fight.'”

In short, Ellis clarified that Araki-ryū was practiced by foot soldiers on the battlefield, emphasizing its practical and gritty nature. It was not a martial art practiced by the upper echelons of the military hierarchy. Instead, it was an art for the front-line fighters, the grunts directly engaged in combat.

Traditional Japanese Jujutsu vs. BJJ

Our conversation compared different forms of Jujutsu and their evolution over time. Ellis outlined how traditional Japanese Jujutsu, as we understand it today, is “a shadow of what was there 100 years ago.” He highlighted the role of Kano Jigoro, the founder of judo, who didn’t so much revolutionize the field as he did “rationalize the rules to make a safe freestyle training that everybody could participate in.” Before Kano’s influence, the Jujutsu world was far more brutal and unforgiving. Ellis illustrated this with a hypothetical scenario where a student might challenge a school, an invitation that could result in serious injury.

“I would visit your school and say, you know, “Tanomōu, tanomōu 頼もう, 頼もう, “which means “Please give me a lesson.” That really means you’re challenging the school. Right? You’d invite me in, but you wouldn’t point out that there’s a nail sticking out four boards over; if I fall on that nail, that’s my problem, right?”

From Ellis’s perspective, the techniques of old Japanese Jujutsu were built upon the assumption that everybody already knew how to wrestle “because everybody did Sumo.” But Jujutsu added elements of weaponry and trained for situations where an opponent might pull out a knife. He said, “Japan was an armed society. So, for the most part, you assume people had knives.”

Ellis painted a vivid picture by drawing a contrast with modern Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ). If you and I were in a BJJ match and I pulled guard, with you having a concealed knife, I’d be “a dead man.” The same would be true if I took full mount and you pulled out a knife. In Ellis’s opinion, in a world where a weapon could always be involved, some positions and strategies commonly used in BJJ would lead to disastrous results.

He shared how his Araki-ryū students, mainly based in Greece, visit BJJ gyms on open mat nights but only use techniques that help them develop skills against armed opponents, even if that means losing a BJJ match. He also mentioned Chris LeBlanc, a law enforcement officer and a black belt in both judo and BJJ, who constantly trains to minimize exposure to any weapons on his belt.

This part of the conversation revealed the stark differences between various forms of Jujutsu and the considerations that come into play when potential weapons are involved. Ellis reiterated the importance of considering the possibility of an adversary being armed. “You’re gonna [have to] eliminate a lot of things that would be real, comfortable, even fun to do in an unarmed grappling match because they would get you stabbed.” This mindset truly encapsulated Ellis’s experience and a self-defense approach to martial arts.

The Search For Internal Strength Methods

As Ellis and I continued our conversation, he recalled his early encounters with Aikido, which drew him deeply into Japanese martial arts. “I got started with internal strength initially because I thought it was in Aikido, though I didn’t find it,” Ellis confessed. 

The founder of Aikido, according to Ellis, had some aspects of internal power, which he had learned from his practice of Daito-ryu 大東流 under Takeda Sokaku. However, Ellis found the majority of training exercises in modern Aikido too limiting, stating, “Aikido has the problem that most of their training exercises are ‘grab my wrist.'”

In his early years, Ellis had the chance to train under the renowned martial artist Wang Shujin (王樹金). 

Wang was a notable Chinese martial artist known for his mastery of three main styles of Chinese internal martial arts: Baguazhang (Eight Trigram Palm) 八卦掌, Taijiquan (Tai Chi Chuan) 太極拳, and Xingyiquan (Form-Intent Fist) 形意拳.

His teachings emphasized integrating body, mind, and spirit in martial arts practice.

Wang was elderly at this point and obese, which Ellis emphasized was not a flaw. He recalled an instance when Wang, hugged a Kyokushinkai karate champion, and hit him with his belly so forcefully he collapsed at his feet.” (NOTE: strictly speaking, he did xingyi’s bengquan with his belly). This demonstration piqued Ellis’s curiosity and indicated that there was indeed a unique source of unusual power in these ancient martial arts. Yet, Ellis found Wang’s public teachings lacked this element of power training.

However, observing Wang’s personal practice at nearby temples, Ellis noticed that Wang would spend hours performing repetitive movements. Initially, he dismissed these actions as health-building exercises, but he later realized that “that was the jibengong. That was how he built his power.” This revelation made Ellis realize the importance of foundational training, a principle he continues to incorporate into his practice.

Ellis also had a long but sporadic training relationship with Su Dong Chen 蘇東成. 

Like a real-life Rooster Cogburn in John Wayne’s True Grit, Su has gained notoriety throughout the martial arts world as a hard fighter and a hard drinker. Born in Taipei, Taiwan, in 1953 to a Taiwanese father and a Japanese mother, Su was a student of renowned Tangshou Dao instructor Hung I-Hsiang 洪懿祥.

Despite the ups and downs of their relationship, Ellis couldn’t deny Su Dong Chen’s skills. He said, “I would get pissed off at him, and I’d leave for a year or two and come back because he’s brilliant. He’s the only Chinese martial artist I’ve ever known whose free-sparring looks exactly like the forms.”

Neigong

Ellis began exploring techniques to build his internal strength throughout his martial arts journey. He adopted the idea of jin 勁, or “intent-driven, coordinated movement,” and the concept of qi 氣, which involves using the breath to develop connective tissue that can be moved at will. Dāntián 丹田 is another principle he embraced, where the dāntián acts like a “differential gear,” directing the limbs’ coordinated movement.

“Dāntián” is a concept in Chinese philosophy and traditional medicine that refers to the “energy center” of the body. There are generally considered to be three dāntián in the body (upper, middle, and lower).

– 丹 (dān) means “cinnabar” or “red,” often symbolizing vitality or life force.

– 田 (tián) means “field,” symbolizing a place where something is cultivated. 

So, together, “Dāntián” could be thought of as “the field where the life force is cultivated.” Neijia, or “internal” martial arts, such as Tai Chi, Baguazhang, and Xingyiquan, heavily emphasize the cultivation and use of the dāntián. In these practices, the dāntián is seen as the main focal point for internal energy (qi), and movement is often coordinated from this area, leading to increased power and stability.

Intriguingly, Ellis also compared “internal power” to a phenomenon called ‘berserker strength.’ He explained, “I think of it as tapping into Berzerker strength, and berserkers have been misunderstood.” Ellis contended that this type of strength, usually associated with extreme, uncontrollable rage, is a form of a “pure flow state, based on predator mind with nothing getting in the way.” According to Ellis, training your body to handle extreme stress and tapping into the berserker mind could potentially unleash an entirely new level of strength and power.

Ellis’s training now includes a range of exercises to help him cultivate these principles, such as spear shaking and movements using weighted bags. He also uses a CanDo bar, a rubber bar that fights resistance, helping him maintain relaxation and tensile strength simultaneously. Through this methodology, Ellis feels he can incorporate more power and grace into his Japanese martial arts practice without altering the techniques.

Despite his success, Ellis is not out to convince anyone. He stated, “I am not a missionary,” adding that he doesn’t care if others agree with his approach. At 71, Ellis acknowledges that some physical limitations have arisen from long-term injuries. Still, he believes he moves better now than he did 30-40 years ago, which he attributes to his chosen training method.

This part of the conversation underscored Ellis’s long and deeply thoughtful journey through martial arts. It also revealed his personal philosophy – while he respects multiple ways of training, he believes in committing to one path and mastering it. He said, “One has to commit to one, or the other is how I see it.” 

Ellis admits he’s friends with many martial artists who disagree with each other and sometimes engage in heated internet debates. However, he chooses to see the merit in various ways of training, acknowledging that different methodologies can sometimes contradict each other. “I just had to choose one,” he shared, and it’s clear that his chosen approach has served him well.

Regarding his training regimen, Ellis described several techniques he incorporates, all designed to develop internal power and strength. “So I do a lot of spear shaking,” he said, “I do practices where I take a pretty heavy weighted bag, like 40 pounds. And I’m moving it back and forth in different patterns on a tabletop.” 

Despite Ellis’s deep passion and dedication to his chosen martial arts discipline, he reiterated his open-minded approach. He stressed that his path was not the only one, and he was not interested in proselytizing his method to others. “I found that I’ve been able to input this methodology directly into the Japanese martial arts that I train, without any alteration of technique, just a lot more power, a lot more grace.” 

Accomplished Author

Ellis’s diverse background paints the picture of a multifaceted individual – a martial artist, psychologist, consultant, and author. Upon returning to America in 1988, he sought to separate his professional life from his martial arts training. Pursuing a graduate degree in psychology, Ellis found his niche in crisis intervention. He worked with individuals on the edge of society, dealing with severe mental health crises, and used his martial arts training to navigate these situations safely. 

“It was there that I started to apply the psychological principles I learned in martial arts,” Ellis said. “By reversing the principles used to throw somebody off-balance, I could use to read somebody’s character, to get them to a more solid place.”

His crisis intervention work caught the attention of local law enforcement, leading him to develop a training program on communicating with mentally disturbed individuals. This was Ellis’s first step into a broader world of tactical communication training that would serve as a springboard, catapulting him to the national and international levels. He developed training for various professions, including law enforcement, foster families, therapists, probation officers, and business professionals.

This expertise led to a series of books on tactical communication, like “The Thin Blue Lifeline.” Each is tailored to a specific profession. Ellis collaborated with subject matter experts to ensure the books’ relevance and authenticity in their respective fields. 

Additionally, he worked as a consultant with hostage negotiation teams and co-authored two books on scenario training for negotiators. Ellis’s work in this field even caught the attention of the Pentagon, leading to his involvement in the “Good Stranger Project” by DARPA.

However, Ellis’s writing extended beyond professional tactical communication into his passion for martial arts. His three books on the subject delve into various aspects of the discipline, including morality, classical Japanese martial arts traditions, and esoteric training. Ellis was notably one of the first to publish writings on the issue of abuse within martial arts.

But it’s his venture into fiction writing that Ellis describes as what’s “nearest to his heart.” His first novel, “The Girl With The Face of The Moon,” is set in Japan during a transition toward modernity. His subsequent novels continued to explore various themes and settings, drawing from Ellis’s personal experiences and the rich tapestry of human cultures and experiences. 

Ellis also co-wrote a graphic novel, “Cimarronin,” Based on historical events, the story begins in 17th-century Manila, exiled samurai Kitazume, on the verge of suicide, is roped into smuggling a Manchu princess to Mexico by his friend Luis, a rogue Jesuit. Entangled in New Spain’s deadly politics and a secret fight over silver mines, Kitazume seeks redemption by protecting his friends.

Support Ellis’s Work

If you’re interested in diving deeper into Ellis’s work, there are several platforms you can explore: 

Experience Ellis’s Tactical Communication course – The Art and Science of De-Escalation, designed for executive protection professionals. This comprehensive training covers recognizing aggression patterns, developing intuition, and mastering de-escalation tactics. Learn to navigate high-intensity situations and prevent potential attacks. Purchase on Ellis’s website to enhance your conflict resolution skills today.

For his self-published books, the most straightforward way to find them is on Amazon. There, you’ll find a range of his works detailing his extensive knowledge and experience in martial arts.

Ellis also hosts a website for his books, https://edgeworkbooks.com/, where you can browse his published materials and perhaps gain more insights into his writing process and themes.

His other platform, https://kogenbudo.org/, offers a trove of short writings on martial arts penned by Ellis and other martial arts enthusiasts. This site serves as a diverse collection of experiences and perspectives on martial arts.

Among the fascinating articles on kogenbudo.org, one standout piece comes from an enthusiast who’s been on a mission to revive the nearly lost martial arts tradition of the Khevsur, a sword-fighting tribe in the Caucasian mountains. Ellis invites readers to delve into these unique stories and insights to enrich their understanding of the depth and diversity of martial arts worldwide.

Conclusion

In exploring the riveting journey of Ellis Amdur through the spectrum of martial arts, we gain unique insights into the ethos, philosophies, and varied styles of these ancient disciplines. Amdur’s passionate pursuit and dedication have led him through extensive martial arts practices, which have sculpted his life and illuminated the path for many others. 

I’m deeply appreciative of Ellis’s generosity in sharing his experiences and perspectives with me. As I continue this Masters interviews series, I continue to develop new insights into my own path and the broader world of martial arts in general. 

From his deep dive into koryū and cross-training in diverse disciplines to his emphasis on mental strength and practical techniques, Amdur’s experiences underline martial arts’ dynamic and multifaceted world. As we draw this exploration to a close, it becomes clear that the martial arts journey is one of physical prowess and profound wisdom. May Amdur’s journey inspire you to appreciate the rich tapestry of martial arts and its incredible applicability both on and off the mats.

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About the Author

Ashe Higgs, I Liq Chuan Master Instructor & L2 Nutrition Coach

Ashe is a highly skilled martial arts instructor and certified nutrition coach with over two decades of experience in the field. He holds a Master Instructor certification in I Liq Chuan under Sam FS Chin, making him one of only several individuals worldwide to hold the title. He has taught classes and workshops worldwide and is passionate about helping others achieve their fitness and wellness goals.

With a background in full-contact fighting and a Level 2 certification from Precision Nutrition in nutrition coaching, Ashe is a well-rounded expert in the fields of martial arts. In addition to his expertise, he has a wealth of experience in teaching and mentoring others. He has a natural ability to connect with his students and inspire them to reach their full potential.

Read more about Ashe here…

Join us in our conversation with Hapkido master Mike Dunchok, a seventh-dan ranking expert with 34 years of experience. Mike has delved into the secrets of the Old Masters to refine his martial arts practice. In this discussion, Mike shares his journey in martial arts, beginning with his Hapkido training at age 11, and sheds light on this unique Korean martial art’s history, philosophy, and training approach.

Mike explains how the teachings of the Old Masters have played a crucial role in shaping Hapkido and emphasizes the importance of personal development, discipline, and wisdom in martial arts practice. By integrating the insights of these masters, Hapkido transcends mere self-defense techniques and offers a more profound understanding of human movement and self-awareness.

Mike highlights the significance of qigong and meditation in Hapkido, practices that have been passed down from the Old Masters, as essential components for developing fighting intuition, kinesthetics, and overall performance. As we delve into his insights and advice for beginners in martial arts, Mike encourages consistent practice, commitment, and self-reflection to achieve growth and mastery, guided by the wisdom of the masters who came before us.

Read more interviews like this from our list of martial arts.

What Is Hapkido – An Interview With Mike Dunchok

Where Did Hapkido Originate?

Ashe: Mike, can you tell us about your background in martial arts and your experience with Hapkido?

Mike: I began training in Hapkido at the age of 11, and I’ve been teaching for 19 years at my school in Irvine, California, located in Orange County. Hapkido is a Korean martial art with roots in Japanese Jiu-jitsu.

Ashe: Can you give us a brief history of Hapkido as a martial art?

Mike: Hapkido is a Korean martial art that combines elements of self-defense, joint locks, and striking techniques. Its origins can be traced back to the early 20th century when Choi Yong-Sool, the founder of Hapkido, returned to Korea after studying Daito-ryu jiujitsu under Takeda Sokaku in Japan. Choi then combined his learnings with various Korean martial arts and philosophies, creating a new and distinct martial art system. Hapkido’s development was further refined by Choi’s students, including Ji Han-Jae and Kim Moo-Hong, who contributed to its expansion and popularization both in Korea and internationally.

Hapkido Vs. Aikido

Ashe: What is the English translation for Hapkido?

Mike: The three Chinese characters for Hapkido (合氣道) translate to “the way of uniting ki” or “the way of moving with chi.” It’s important to note that Hapkido is not the same lineage as Japanese Aikido, despite sharing similar characters.

What Does Hapkido Focus On?

Ashe: Can you provide an overview of Hapkido’s training approach and curriculum structure?

Mike: While I can’t speak for all Hapkido schools, my particular kwan incorporates Chinese martial arts as well. Generally, Hapkido training includes kicking techniques (chak), forms (Jung sayer), break falls, joint locking techniques (Suki), and blocking and stances (mok). Our blocking is more fluid and circular, like that of praying mantis kung fu, rather than the solid blocking seen in karate-based arts.

What Does Hapkido Teach?

Ashe: How does the training progress for a beginner in your Hapkido school, starting from zero experience?

Mike: When beginners start at our Hapkido school, they join regular classes and participate in group activities. These include stretching, break falls (forward rolls, backward rolls, and falling on the side), partner drills, and kicking drills. After participating in these group activities, beginners are introduced to basic techniques specific to their rank, starting with the grappling portion of our curriculum.

Beginners learn wrist escapes, wrist reversal techniques, Sun Mok, basic ki exercises, and other white belt level curriculum elements. Additionally, they learn etiquette, fighting positions, blocks, and weapon training, starting with single straight stick fencing, which is similar to cane fencing. There are about nine levels of curriculum for them to learn before attaining their first-degree black belt. Our school divides the curriculum into hard and soft material, with five subject areas on the soft side of the art and four on the hard side.

Hapkido Belts

Ashe: What is the Hapkido belt system, and how many dan rankings for the Hapkido black belt are there?

Mike: Our belt system includes white, yellow, orange, purple, green, blue, brown, red, and black belts. The highest dan ranking is 10, but only one person can hold the 10th dan;  the founder. The highest attainable rank without being in that position is the 9th dan.

Hapkido Philosophy

Ashe: Can you explain Hapkido’s philosophy, concepts, and principles?

Mike: The philosophy of Hapkido focuses on unified body movement, aiming to execute techniques effectively without relying on strength alone. This concept, called yu won hwa 유원화 in Korean, translates to “flowing circle harmony.” A skilled Hapkido practitioner exhibits a soft and fluid grappling style, becoming more effective when they are relaxed and less focused on generating muscular responses.

Yu Won Hua

유원화 (Yu Won Hwa) is a Korean phrase that can be broken down into three separate parts:

1. 유 (Yu) – This character represents “flow” or “flowing” in Korean. It suggests a sense of smooth, continuous motion or fluidity.
2. 원 (Won) – This character represents “circle” or “round” in Korean. Circles are often used to symbolize unity, wholeness, or perfection in various cultures, including Korean culture.
3. 화 (Hwa) – This character represents “harmony” or “balance” in Korean. It conveys a sense of peace, stability, and balance.

When combined, 유원화 (Yu Won Hwa) represents the concept of “flowing circle harmony.” It could be understood as a harmonious and balanced flow of energy or movement, similar to the idea of the circle of life or the natural cycles of the world. This concept can be found in various aspects of Korean culture. Yu won hua emphasizes the importance of finding balance and harmony in one’s actions, thoughts, and life in general.

The concept shares similarities with Bruce Lee’s famous quote, “Be water, my friend.” Both ideas emphasize the importance of finding balance, harmony, and adaptability in one’s actions and thoughts, drawing from Eastern philosophies like Taoism and Zen Buddhism.

Bruce Lee compared the qualities of water to the ideal state of mind: able to flow, crash, or be still, taking the shape of its container and adjusting to various circumstances.

Both ideas embody the essence of Eastern philosophies, focusing on achieving harmony and balance by embracing change and maintaining a state of fluidity. These concepts inspire us to overcome obstacles and cultivate inner peace by aligning ourselves with the natural rhythms of life.

Hapkido And Taekwondo

Ashe: Why do you think Korean martial arts focus so heavily on kicking?

Mike: It’s difficult to pinpoint an exact reason, but geographical and terrain factors may contribute to the emphasis on kicking in Korean martial arts. Korea is a mountainous region and closer to northern China, where martial arts tend to involve more kicking. There might also be some influence from Northern Chinese Kung Fu. Ultimately, the emphasis on kicking is a characteristic that has developed over time in Korean martial arts.

Ashe: How closely related is Hapkido to Daito-Ryu, and would a Daito-Ryu practitioner recognize the techniques in a Hapkido school?

Mike: Ideally, a Daito-Ryu practitioner should recognize all the techniques in a Hapkido school, and the transition should be seamless. However, some Hapkido schools may have lost or diluted the original concept over time. The best Hapkido schools still preserve the original techniques and principles, eventually aligning with Daito-Ryu’s original method.

What Are The Differences Between Hapkido And Other Martial Arts Like Taekwondo, Karate, Aikido, And Krav Maga?

Ashe: What makes Hapkido unique compared to other martial arts?

Mike: Hapkido’s uniqueness lies in its joint locking techniques and its emphasis on relaxation and emotional detachment during grappling. While Hapkido is a form of jujitsu, it emphasizes an even softer approach. The effectiveness of Hapkido techniques increases when practitioners can be physically and emotionally relaxed, unattached, and spiritually attained. Hapkido can be considered the physical embodiment of Daoism, with its techniques reflecting Daoist philosophy and requiring a release of ego.

Ashe: You think all martial arts paths lead to the same place?

Mike: While different martial arts may have unique characteristics or techniques, at the highest levels, practitioners tend to converge towards a single truth in human movement. Martial arts masters across different disciplines understand the body so well that their movements and techniques begin to look similar. Ultimately, there is a fundamental truth in human movement that transcends the idiosyncrasies of individual martial arts styles.

Hapkido And Aiki

Ashe: Are there specific exercises in Hapkido to develop “aiki” or the “aiki body?”

Mike: In Hapkido, qigong exercises are essential to developing aiki and the aiki body. Practitioners must become proficient in these exercises, which include dan tian breathing, mental relaxation exercises, counting beads for focusing thoughts, the microcosmic orbit, standing like a tree, and grounding exercises. These exercises help practitioners achieve higher levels of skill in Hapkido.

Is Hapkido Legit?

Ashe: What is the most common misconception about Hapkido?

Mike: A common misconception about Hapkido is that soft, yielding movements are ineffective. In reality, these soft movements can capture the momentum of an opponent’s strike, exploiting their commitment of force to turn it against them. These techniques are not only real but highly effective, especially when dealing with multiple attackers, as they allow practitioners to use their opponent’s strength against them.

Advice For Beginners

Choosing A Good School

Ashe: What are some common mistakes beginners make in martial arts?

Mike: Beginners often underestimate the time and effort needed to establish a foundation in martial arts. Consistency and commitment in the initial years are crucial to build basic skills and a solid base. Beginners should train hard and regularly.

When choosing a martial art, consider your goals, motivations, and personal interests. Find a school that teaches techniques honestly, with authenticity, legitimacy, and applicability. Avoid schools that have lost their original inspiration or focus solely on commercial aspects.

Look for a martial arts school that offers personal development, cultivation, and self-improvement elements in addition to physical training. True martial arts should provide confidence in what you’re learning, with applicability behind techniques and forms.

Recognizing A Good School

Ashe: For someone coming in with no experience or reference point in martial arts, what advice would you give them to recognize a good school or teacher?

Mike: It’s true that beginners might struggle to identify legitimate techniques or schools, as they don’t have the background to understand or pressure test them. It’s difficult for me to pinpoint a single element that would help them distinguish between good and bad schools.

Ashe: One recommendation I have is to look at the level of the other students, not just the teacher. If the results are consistent, then the chances are good that it’s worthwhile.

Mike: I am not sure I agree with assessing the teacher’s students; sometimes, even the best teachers may have students who struggle to reach the same level, which makes it hard for beginners to discern the right choice.

Ashe: I think we can also consider the personal development, character building, discipline, and wisdom imparted by the teacher and mirrored in their students. Examine the school’s overall culture, mental and spiritual development, and physical training.

The Power of Qigong For Martial Arts

Ashe: In the context of the 21st century, what do you think provides the biggest return on investment for someone training in martial arts, regardless of their level or style?

Mike: I would say qigong and meditation. They’re often neglected, but they provide incredible benefits when practiced sincerely. Knowing yourself and your body is crucial, particularly in soft martial arts like Hapkido or Jiujitsu. Qigong helps develop that knowledge and improves fighting intuition, kinesthetics, and overall performance. The dividends are beyond reckoning, but unfortunately, few people actually practice it.

Ashe: Right; it’s often the case that what we want and what we need are different things. As my Sifu, Grandmaster Sam Chin, says, “Training is the process of looking into your weakness.” So, focusing on qigong and meditation seems to align with that sentiment. People want to train the stuff that will look cool on Instagram but isn’t necessarily going to help them improve their weaknesses.

The Value of Traditional Martial Arts

Ashe: In modern times, with MMA, firearms, and living in the safest country and period in history, what do you think the value of training in traditional martial arts is?

Mike: If you only train martial arts for the one or two times in your life when you might face a survival or self-defense situation, it’s hard to justify the countless hours of practice. Overemphasis on survivability, practicality, and function can be misplaced. It can’t be the main reason you train. Martial arts is a way to know yourself, and if you apply the confidence and security you develop for that self-defense situation to life in general, you find the real value of martial arts.

Life involves suffering, questioning, doubt, sorrow, and loss. How we face these inevitable situations is determined by our training. Martial arts teach us to move through life gracefully, to face metaphorical challenges to our well-being, and to handle them with skill and grace. Becoming good at physical struggle helps us develop composure and wherewithal to better deal with more abstract struggles.

Time Is Short

Ashe: If you could go back in time and talk to yourself when you were just starting martial arts, what message would you impart to your younger self?

Mike: It might sound cliché, but I would tell myself to train harder. I trained quite hard, but I’m more aware of my mortality and limited time. I’ve devoted over 30 years of my life to martial arts and am content with my progress, but I would’ve devoted even more time, practiced more, and aimed higher. I think many people would say the same, but it’s true.

Mike’s Choices For Best Books

Ashe: What’s the best book on martial arts or a book you’ve gifted most often to martial arts students or friends? It doesn’t necessarily have to be a martial arts book, but one that you think would benefit someone with a dedicated martial arts practice.

Mike: I do give books, and the choice depends on how long I’ve had a student. For my more advanced students, I’ve given certain lesser-known Japanese works, like “Demon Sermon on the Martial Arts” and “The Unfettered Mind.” But for beginners, I start with the Daodejing as it introduces essential concepts in martial arts, especially the soft ones.

Ashe: When you give a beginner the Daodejing, would you provide additional guidance or just hand them a copy and let them explore it themselves? There are many translations, and some are better than others. The closer to the original translation, the more vague the meaning without context.

Tao Te Ching, Steven Mitchell translation on Amazon.

Mike: You’re right. Although it might not be the most literal or accurate translation, I tend to give them Steven Mitchell’s version, as his background in Zen informs his interpretation, which ties into what I’m teaching them. By the time I’ve given them that book, they’ve experienced how certain techniques work against resistance, and I tie that in with the concepts discussed in the Daodejing.

Connect With Mike

Ashe: So, as we’re wrapping up here, if people want to follow up with you, where can they find out more about you and what you’re doing, and how can they connect with you?

Mike: They can follow me on Instagram, which I imagine is how you found me at Mike Dunchok. I also have a YouTube channel, Master Michael Dunchok Kuk Sool Kwan, which is my Kwan. And if you’re in Orange County, I have my Dojo, Ancient Arts Dojo, in Irvine, South Orange County (https://www.ockoreanmartialarts.com/).

Ashe: Very cool. I want to thank you for your time and for sharing your wealth of knowledge with us. Clearly, you’ve benefited from your martial arts training beyond mere self-defense techniques. It was a real pleasure to connect with you today and listen to your thoughts on martial arts. Before we say goodbye, do you have any last words?

Mike: The most important part is to train hard and consistently.

Conclusion

My enlightening conversation with Hapkido expert Mike Dunchok has provided me with a wealth of knowledge and a deeper understanding of the martial art. I am grateful for the opportunity to learn from Mike’s extensive experience and his dedication to preserving the teachings of the Old Masters.

Mike has illuminated the value of consistent practice and commitment in one’s martial arts journey, as well as the importance of personal development, discipline, and wisdom, which are essential to attaining mastery.

I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Mike for sharing his time, expertise, and passion for Hapkido with me. His thoughts have not only broadened my understanding of this unique martial art but have also inspired me to approach my own practice with renewed dedication and mindfulness. As I continue to explore and express myself in martial arts and other disciplines, I will undoubtedly carry the lessons learned from Mike’s experiences and the wisdom of the Old Masters with me, enriching my perspective and shaping my journey towards mastery.

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About the Author

Ashe Higgs, I Liq Chuan Master Instructor & L2 Nutrition Coach

Ashe is a highly skilled martial arts instructor and certified nutrition coach with over two decades of experience in the field. He holds a Master Instructor certification in I Liq Chuan under Sam FS Chin, making him one of only several individuals worldwide to hold the title. He has taught classes and workshops worldwide and is passionate about helping others achieve their fitness and wellness goals.

With a background in full-contact fighting and a Level 2 certification from Precision Nutrition in nutrition coaching, Ashe is a well-rounded expert in the fields of martial arts. In addition to his expertise, he has a wealth of experience in teaching and mentoring others. He has a natural ability to connect with his students and inspire them to reach their full potential.

Read more about Ashe here…